Macbeth - The Play

'Macbeth' - The Tragedy

Hello Readers!  Here, I am going to write down a blog on a very famous Shakespearean tragedy - ' Macbeth.' This blog is inspired by Dr. Dilip sir barad as a part of thinking Activity. In this particular blog , I am answering some alloted questions on the basis  of my understanding and knowledge.

  Here, I am putting one video so that, you can easily understand my answers , related to the play - Macbeth by william Shakespeare.

Watch this video for your better understanding about the play  named - ' Macbeth.'

  

William Shakespeare ( bapt. 26th April 1564 - 23rd April , 1616) was an English Playwright, poet, actor and widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English Language and also Considered as world's greatest dramatist.Shakespeare 's plays are a canon of approximately 39 dramatic works. shakespeare's plays are widely regarded as being among the greatest in the English language and are continually performed around the world.

We can divide William Shakespeare's plays into three important geners.  1. Tragedy 2. History 3. Comedy william shakespeare's plays have been translated into  major living language.

About the Play : 

                                     William Shakeseare's play - ' Macbeth ' full title - " The Tragedy of Macbeth."is one of his famous tragedies. It was written in 1606, England. It was first published in the year 1623. Macbeth is the protagonist of this play.Shakespeare penned this play during " The middle Ages.'' specifically 11th century.This play opens with the entry of three witches in the thunderstorm. Shakespeare's play - ' Macbeth' has five acts.

 Feminist reading of lady Macbeth :-

                                        Macbeth's wife - lady Macbeth is one of the most powerful female character in the history of literature. she lacks all kinds of humanity. As we all have seen in the play that lady macbeth continuously taunts her husband for his lack of courage. Lady macbeth is much stronger , ruthless and ambitious than her husband. she knows very well that she have to push her husband for commiting murder,because he doesn't have that much courage to do such  kind of thing. Lady Macbeth is a very rare kind of character we can find in literature. she was very powerful and stronger than her husband.  we can portray her character like very good in planning, plotting or any kind of cospiracy. Lady macbeth 's character is a  cruel one. In the play, when there is a conversation between Macbeth and his wife - Lady macbeth he used these lines by saying that:-

   

''You are only women from outside. But,from inside you are a man.''

    When lady Macbeth receiving her husband's letter about the prophecies of three witches.she appears to be very influential in planning and deciding about when and how to kill king Duncan. we can observe in the play that she became angry on her husband for :-

   

" Not acting like a man."

In the play, Lady Macbeth is seen as selfish and abnormal. The way she talks with her husband about the planning of king Duncan's murder. All this things we can find very cruel , selfish , and totally lack of humanity in her character.

             We will observe Lady Macbeth's as a feminist reading we came to know about several things. she also had some desire to become a queen of scotland. she is inherently aware of her capacity to do as such will be impended by her feminity. In the play how lady macbeth Manipulate her husband.

 

"She love her husband. But, ability to accuse him.''

     All this things which makes lady Macbeth's character Cruellest in the play.

Lady Macbeth - 'The fourth witch ' or 'A loving wife' :-

              This is a debatable topic that how we will analyse the character of lady Macbeth. we will consider her as '' Fourth witch or A loving wife ? ''

          Throughout the play and leading up to her eventual suicide, lady Macbeth slowly weakens. But , In the beginning of the play, she acts like an unstoppable lady. However, Macbeth tried his best to convince her that she is wrong. but, he failed in that , because he mocked by his own wife and that is why he goes through with the murder.

          Lady Macbeth pushed her husband to do things that he doesn't want to do. But it is only his wife who forced him to murder king Duncan. Of course, she does not want that her husband or herself get caught by anyone. So, she gives him advice in the area of Deceptiveness - 

''....... look like the innocent flower, but, be the serpent under't.''

        In the play, Lady Macbeth has already demonstrated that she is two- faced. When king Duncan arrived at the castel , first she acts very well like a welcome hostess. But , In reality it is totally opposite that she has different plans for king Duncan. The character of lady Macbeth changes from an ambitious and Ruthless manipulator to a guilt ridden person who lost all control over her own life.

         After king Duncan's murder in the play it is her feeling of extreme guilt which leads her to commit suicide.

 

Masking Femininity, women and power in Shakespeare 's play - ' Macbeth':-

             Before discussing about this point, first we have to understand the word - Femininity. " Femininity ( also called womanliness ) is a set of attributes , behaviors , and roles generally associated with women and girls. ''

  

How shakespeare used Femininity in his play with the help of Lady Macbeth's character. It presented in a very well manner.

      Lady Macbeth is one of the most dynamic and conflicting character , and the reason for that is no other character is as Manipulative as she is. For the first half of Macbeth , it is lady macbeth who puts herself in a position of power by taking the lead of king Duncan's murder. To get her power , Lady Macbeth not only rejects her Femininity , but the thought of belonging to any gender at all.

      In the play, it is very much interesting to show that Lady Macbeth thinks of macbeth as being too kind , when the Audience has only heard  him as a " Fierce of warrior.'' It is a kind of comic scene. ''klein states that 

''Women were expected to have a certain level of kindness in them.''

But , in the play it is totally opposite as lady macbeth thinks that macbeth has too much womanliness to commit a murder. In attempt to make her worthy of murder , she asks spirits to 

 ''Unsex me here.''

Implying that being a woman means she can not be powerful. This is the very first example of Lady Macbeth purposefully rejecting her femaleness to gain power.

             She is telling Macbeth that he needs to look innocent from outside  and act like nothing has happened. This is very ironic statement given by lady macbeth , because  she is doing this by masking her femininity. As a woman, she appears to be innocent , but as we all know that she is the real creator of the entire plan. This allows her to instantly gain power over her husband.

    We can Conclude by saying that Gender and power both are important and major themes in the play - ' Macbeth.'

Macbeth - The tragedy of Ambition. How do you view ambition in today's time ?

 Ans : In this particular answer we are discussing about tragedy and what is the exact definition of ''Tragedy of Ambition.''

 

 Tragedy means - '' A play dealing with tragic events and an unhappy ending scene, specially concerning the downfall of the main character.''

'' Tragedy of Ambition means the tragedy caused by a specific ambition.''

Macbeth as a tragedy of Ambition :-

                            In William shakespeare's play Macbeth - ambition is presented as a dangerous quality. It is the driving force of the play. It is the theme of ambition which causes the downfall of Macbeth and leads him to the death. Macbeth is inspired by the prophecies of the witches to be ambitious and his ambition is driven by his wife lady Macbeth.

           We can say that Macbeth's tragic downfall is due to his own ambition to become a king.It is three witches and also Lady macbeth who sparks the inner desire of Macbeth. without them, macbeth will never be able to do such kind of things. This how the story unfolds.

        At the starting of the drama, Our Protagonist macbeth is seen as a good , loyal man , loyal to his king, his wife , and his friends. but However , under all his loyalty there lies a secret ambition of becoming a king of scotland.

How do we view ambition in today's 

time :- 

Ambition means '' A strong desire to do or achieve something.''

 Ambition is the foundation of success. so, if we want to be successful in life we have to become ambitious. Ambition always helps us in achieving our life goals. It Inspires us for hard work.

An ambitious individual always try to achieve higher and sound position in society.

     

        But, one has to be very careful about Ambition. If our Ambition makes us blind and selfish it is very dangerous. we can not harm society or any one else in achieving our desired Ambition. Today In society what we generally see is really worrying. people for their personal desire cross all the limits and even goes to ruin the lives of others.

     Today Ambition is known to us as a large ego that makes people selfish  exactly happened in shakespeare 's play Macbeth. We have to compete with our self first , instead of compete with others.If Everyone thinks like that and will do the work on their own without interfering into someone else's life than ambition will not lead us to any kind of suffering or tragic flaw. In short , Ambition plays an important role for our better life. As we all know that '' Life is not only about good things , bad things will also come.'' 

    I would like to conclude by saying that Ambition is good and to be ambitious is also good. But , if it leads to negativity than it becomes problematic for all our human beings.

Thank you for visiting...

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Thinking skills - workshop - prof. Milan pandya

Two day's Thinking skill - workshop. 

Hello readers! In this blog, I am going to write down about whatever I have learned from this workshop, based on thinking skill. This blog is inspired by Dr. Dilip sir barad. 

  On 13th - 14th August, The Department of English organized two day's workshop on thinking skill by professor Milan pandya. 

  Brief Introduction of Mr. Milan sir pandya :- 

     Milan sir pandya is a teacher , trainer, and educator in the field of thinking skills. With more than 12 years of teaching experience he has authored 02 books and presented a number of research papers in national and international Conferences and journals. 

 

     

The workshop started on 13th August - on the day of saturday. While introducing Mr. Milan sir pandya , Dr Dilip sir barad warmly welcomed him and gave brief information about Milan sir's works and his great achievements. 

 

While Dilip sir was talking about asking questions to Milan sir, during the workshop. Sir added one line that : 

    " A stupidest question can bring the smartest answer. "

 As sir always told us that " Keep on asking questions. " If you will simply seat down and listens everything it's not going to work. But, asking questions will help you a lot . So, it helped us a lot in the entire workshop. 

  

On the very first day of our workshop, Milan sir started the session by asking ine question that  

                         What do you mean by the word critical thinking? Or what is your understanding on critical thinking? 

As sir talked about two important parts of thinking. 

  1.creative thinking. 

  2.critical thinking. 

    

According to sir , Thinking is a part of our life. We human beings have a great advantage or benefit to think. We can apply our own minds. and thinking about every little aspects. While we are thinking, it is very important " To create a spark. " But as we all know that human beings are replaced by machine. and in our present time, we gave very less importance to thinking skill. 

   "Thinking skill is a life skills."

 

We should never accept the things as it is presented or shown to us. But, we need to doubt. When we doubt only and only than we can find the roots of what is right and what is wrong. All this things helped us a lot in order to improve our thinking skills. 

    " It is our thinking that differentiate us from each other. "

   We all think very differently. Every one has their own perspective and point of view. But, as we all know that it is only our thinking that differentiate us from each other. So, we can say that - "Thinking skill is a necessary. "

This picture clearly shows the importance of creative thinking that how it helps us in many ways. When we talked about thinking, it covers three major things. 

     1.Rational 2.Logical 3.Scientific.

 Milan sir defined the term - thinking by saying that  " Thinking about thinking in order to improve thinking. "

  

This definition of thinking given by Milan pandya sir, shows the importance of thrice thinking. Things are connected with each other. So, we always have to think from various angle. 

" If something is true, what else has to be true with that. "

Milan sir pandya used this lines in his speech. and gave clear justification of thinking. It is very important for us to think on our own. Sir also told us that start with small situations. So, it will give us one kind of confidence. 

                            " Words are like bullets. "

So we always have to think about everything from various kind of perspectives. Sir also talked about so many examples in this session. 

1.A famous scene from Starplus T. V serial - yeh hai Mohabbatein. 

In this particular scene of this serial, we can find that a husband is helping his wife in folding sari. But, if we will observe the thing closely we came to know that there is fracture in female's hand still her makeup and hair style looks perfect. But, only while folding sari she wants her husband's help. So, we can find this silly thing. Others may not have find this thing silly. In fact they love this scene. But with our critical thinking we can observe this kind of things. 

  

2. A Twitter post of the actor satish shah :

 

In this post, he said that " The very sane tiranga Dhwaj my mother had got during quit india movement in the year 1942. If we will analyze it, we came to know that  we got freedom in 1947.and  he is talking about 1942. At that time, we had our national flag but instead of Askok chakra we had Gandhiji's charkha. So if we are not at all aware about our history we will consider it as a truth. 

                 We may find all this things very minor. But if we will analyze it or critically evaluate we came to know that what is actually true. 

 

Milan sir also told us that there is a difference between possible Or

 plausible.  

                     

 

Sir further talked about QAnon theory. It is an American political conspiracy theory and political movement. It originated in the American - far -right political sphere in the year 2017.

                  If we talked about conspiracy we can relate with Divya Bharti, sushant singh, and shridevi's murder mystery.and there are other examples of all this conspiracy things. 

   

" Context is everything. "

" We all should think independently. "

Sir used all this quotations during his session. One way or the other way it tells us the importance of thinking. He added one more thing that:- 

" The real education is to develop the ability to understand and comprehend the thing. "

Milan sir last presented one quote by Lao Tuz ( 600 BC). 

     " Your Teacher might be wrong. Learn to think for yourself. "

 

Sometimes, your teacher might be wrong. Or they can also make mistakes. If they are our teacher it doesn't mean that they are always right. We need to learn and think for ourselves. 

 

I would like to say A very big thank you to Dilip sir barad and Milan sir for organizing this wonderful session for all of us. After attending this workshop, we can say that it gives proper shape to our leaning, and thinking.  

                We learned about so many things and it gave us a new way of our thinking. 

   

Thank you for visiting.. 

Thinking Activity - paper No.105 Unit : 1 Age of Chaucer to Elizabeth.

 Thinking Activity - paper No. - 105 History of English Literature  from 1350 to 1900 

 Hello readers! The following blog is about the age of chaucer to Elizabeth. In this particular blog, I am going to mention some important points. This blog is inspired by Dr. Dilip sir barad, as a part of thinking activity regarding to the history of English literature. 

  This book by William J. Long represents the splendid history of English literature. As a student of literature, we have to know that what has been written about literature. An another important thing we need to mention here is that we have to interpret literature bin both the ways. 

  1. Personally   2.  Historically. 

     Introduction - The meaning of literature: 

     Literature derived from the word -  Littera which means  

   " A letter of the Alphabet." The very first known use of the word literature was in the  15th century. 

    Literature means, " A body of written works." 

   Or Literature means, "An art of  a literally work. "

    Definition:- 

    As there is no such exact definition of literature. Everyone  will define literature in their own way. 

 According to Oxford dictionary, Literature means           "pieces of working that are valued as works of Art especially novels, plays and poems. "

 From this Image we can totally relate this thing with our present time. We have so many books to read but people will always says that we do not have that much time for reading. 

    " Books are the best gifts that can open again & again. "

 It was Geoffrey chaucer who really turned English language into a literary language. 

 He was one of the great literary figures of his age. 

  Chaucer also referred as the father of English literature. 

    For most of the people, the desire to study literature begins with a love of reading. 

    The important thing need to mention here is that we have now reached a point where we wish to understand as well as to enjoy literature. 

What is the importance of literature :-

    In this particular point, we need to understand that As a students what are the advantages and benefits of the literature. Or how literature helps us. What is it's importance. 

When students study literature, they learn to appreciate words and their power 

Students undert about their own culture as well as other cultures by reading literature. 

As we know that literature expresses our feelings and emotions. Students will read literature they will learn to empathise with characters to feel their joys and pain. 

By studying literature it always helps us to develop a deep knowledge about literary history and literary criticism. 

Literature enhances our understanding of cultures. 

Literature inspires imagination, when you watch any movie, it only requires very little mental work. Whereas, reading words from a page it leads reader to some kind of Exercise. Which helps us to thinking out of the box. 

We can say that literature cultivates the hapbit of Reading. 

Literature helps us to increase our vocabulary and knowledge. You know, As a student it is very much useful to us. 

As a part of literature students, we can see the things in a very different way. 

Literature is free to entertain people.

It is free to give aesthetic pleasure to the readers. 

Literature is free to making a world better. 

It is free to educate people. Because As we know that it is very much useful as an educational point of view. 

But we can not force literature for all this thongs. If it is happening than it's good but no one can force or we can say burden literature for this things. 

So, These all are the advantages or benefits of literature. From all this points, one can understand that how literature helps us in many ways. 

 

Qualities of literature:-

         There are so many qualities of literature. We need to understand that what are this qualities that makes literature good. 

 1. Literature as a artistic work of revelation :

   All art is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty. Or it is the reflection of some truth and beauty which are there in the world. But, as we all know that everything will remain un - noticed until it catches our attention towards it. " Literature is the artistic record of our life. " 

 All artistic work must be a kind of revelation. 

2.Literature expresses our emotions and feelings :

   The essence of human nature deals with emotion and as we know that everyone has a different way of expressing their emotions. Literature is any piece of writing that expresses human experiences and feelings through their Imagination. We have seen this thing in many literary works. Literature itself is the reflection of our own work. 

3. Literature as a mirror of society:

      The literature is a reflection of the society - is a fact. It indeed reflects the society about it's good values and its ill. Literature mirrors the ills or we can say bad things of the society with a view to making the society realizes its mistakes. Literature is basically a reflection of human action in that particular society and we know every action by human being is captured in literature. So, we can say that "Literature is a mirror of society. "

4. Literature as an imaginative work of Art : 

      Literature is imaginative. In fact, it has to be imaginative. If there is no any kind of imagination then we can not consider it as a literature. " Art beautifies reality. " Literature mostly depends on our imagination rather than our intellect. So, we can see literature as an imaginative work of art. 

5. Universality: 

     Literature has its universality. It presents in many countries and many languages. It has universal appeal. and it works with joy, sorrow, faith, fear, love and hate. It gives us aesthetic pleasure and delight. As earlier I mentioned that we have to understand and enjoy literature. 

 Here I want to put some quotations about writing and literature.

 " Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. "

                                - Ezra pound.

  " The difficulty of literature is not to write, but to write what you mean. "

                 - Robert Louis Stevenson.

    The age of Elizabeth (1550 - 1620) 

        During the age if Elizabeth all doubts seems to vanish from English history. After the reigns of Edward and Mary, with defeat and humiliation abroad and persecutions and a rebellion at home, the accession of a popular sovereign was like the sunrise after a long night. 

     '' A noble and puissant nation, rousing herself , like a strong man after sleep and shaking her invincible locks." 

                                              - words by john Milton.

   It is as an age of dreams, adventures, of unbounded enthusiasm. such an age of great thought and action, appealing to the eyes as well as to the imagination and intellect. Hence, we can clearly say that the age of Elizabeth literature turned instinctively to the drama and brought it very rapidly to the highest stage of its great development.

   Question 1 Write in brief about Chaucer or Edmund Spenser or Ben jonson or on any one of their works. 

Answer : I am going to write about Edmund Spenser. 

Edmund Spenser ( 1552 - 1599) 

     Edmund Spenser ( 1552-13th January 1599) was an English poet best known for his works. He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of modern English verse and considered as the greatest poet in the English language.

       

  Life of Spenser :  Of Spenser's early life and  about his parentage we know very little, except that he was born in East Smithfield, near the tower of London. He was poor. His education began at thethe Merchant tailor's school in London and continued in cambridge. 

Here in the glorious world that only a poor scholar knows how to create for himself, he read the classics. He made Acquaintance with the great Italian poets. and wrote numberless poems of his own. 

In the year of 1595, when Spenser visited to London - he published "Astrophel" - an elegy ( A poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead. He published this poem on the death of his friend-sidney. 

Edmund spenser met Shakespeare and the other literary lights of the Elizabethan Age. 

 In 1599 he died in an inn at Westminster. According to Ben jonson he died " For want of bread. "

   But, whether that it is a poetic way of saying that he had lost his property or that he actually died of destitution, will probably never be known. 

 Spenser was buried beside his master Geoffrey chaucer in Westminster Abbey. 

We can divide any poet's or writer's work into two parts: 1) Major works  2) Minor works

Edmund Spenser was an English poet. So, we will look at his major poems and minor poems.

Major poems of Spenser:

1. "The faery queen" 
2. "Prophalamion"
3. "Colin clouts come home againe"

Minor poems of Spenser:

1. "Shepherd's calender"
2. "The briar and the oak"
3. "Mother hubbard's tale"
4. "Astrophel"

Characteristics of Spenser's poetry:

As we know that Edmund Spenser was a great poet at the age of Elizabethan. There are 5 main qualities of Spenser's poetry.

1. A Perfect melody
2. A rare sense of beauty
3. A splendid imagination
4. A lofty moral purity and seriousness
5. A delicate idealism

     All these characteristics of Spenser's poetry could make all nature and every common thing beautiful.

    "The Faery Queen":

    Edmund Spenser's "The Faery Queen" is the great work upon which the poet's fame chiefly rests. The original plan of the poem included 24 books. Each of which recounts. The adventure and Trimpuh of a knight, who represented a moral virtue. Spenser's purpose as indicated in a letter to Raleigh, which introduced the poem. Each of the virtues appears as a knight, fighting his opposing vice and the entire poem tells the story of conflicts. It is therefore allegorical, not only in its personified virtues but the poem also represents the life as a constant struggle between good and evil.

The poem Faery Queen sometimes represents the glory of god and sometimes Elizabeth, who was naturally flattered by the parallel. For the poem Faery Queen Edmund Spenser invented a new verse form, which has been called since his day The Spenserian Stanza because of its rare beauty. It has been much used by nearly all over poets in their work. 

Though, We can say that Edmund Spenser was one of the great figure of the Elizabethan age. For his characteristics he known as the poets of poet.

Total Words: 1724

THANK YOU!!

The history of neo classical Age

 Thinking Activity - The history of neo - classical Age: 

Hello readers! This particular blog of mine is about the history of neo classical age. In this blog, I am going to present an overview of this Age / era. This blog is inspired by kavisha ma'am. 

• Introduction : 

Before discussing about anything, first let's understand the meaning of the word neo classical. 

  

" The word neo classic comes from the greek word neos and the latin word classicus. "

• Defination:

" Neo classicism is a literary movement of the 17th & 18th centuries that stressed the importance of using ancient Greek and roman ( The classical period) literature as a guide for creation and criticism. "

Hence, there is a paradox 

( A person or thing that combines contradictory features or qualities. ) of the term " Neo" means new and "classicism" means oldness. 

• Movement origin: 

Regarding English literature, the neo - classical Age is typically divided into 3 periods. 

1. The Restoration Age (1660 - 1700 ) 

2. The Augustan Age (1700 - 1750) 

3. The Age of Johnson / The Age of Transition 

( 1750 - 1798) 

• Neo classical Age is also known as : 

1.The Augustan Age

2.The 18th century literature

3.The Age of prose 

4.The Age of Reason

5.The Age of Enlightenment

6.The Age of satire

7. The Age of sensibility

8.Age of Agriculture Development

• What happened during the Age of neo - classical : 

 Some writers modelled their writing on classical, especially Greek and Roman literature. 

Revival of classical values and insistence of English values. 

Appropriateness in plot, meter, characterization and language in this age. 

This was a period of political unrest & the rise of literacy, the birth of the novel & periodicals. 

This was also a period of social reforms. 

" Learn hence for ancient rules a just esteem; To nature copy is to copy them".

• Alexander pope ( An essay on criticism). 

• The above lines penned by Alexander pope describe the influence of the ancient masters on the writers of the neo classical age. 

The writers were very much inspired by the roman thinkers and writers. That is why they followed their style of writing. 

• Why neo classical age is known as an age of Enlightenment : 

Enlightenment - A philosophical movement. 

People go towards the age of enlightenment. 

It is the project to make the world more of a home for human beings, through the use of reason. 

"Enlightenment is man's release from his self - incurred tutelage. 

• Immanuel kant. 

The Enlightenment included a range of ideas centered on the value of human happiness. 

The Enlightenment writers denounced the supernatural ideas, they were progressive from the writers of previous periods. 

• Literary characteristics of 

Neo - classical age:

Neo classical literature is characterized by order, Accuracy & structure. 

Following are the main literary characteristics of neo classical age. They are as below or under:

As in the given picture we can clearly see that major 7 literary characteristics were there. 

• Here I am giving answers on below questions on the basis of my understanding & knowledge about it. 

Question : 1 Compare & contrast the condition of women during the neo classical age with contemporary time. 

Ans: If we talked about the condition of women during the age of neo classical and compared  it with contemporary time we can briefly elaborate the things.

• During neo classical age " The Blue stockings " Society was a literary Society. 

• It was privileged and educated women to discuss stimulating things. 

• The Blue stockings society was led by Elizabeth montagu and others in the 1750s in England. 

• She was an anomaly in this society because she took possession of her husband's property when he died. 

• This allowed her to have more power in her world. She used her status for an advancement in women's education. 

• This society was founded by women included many prominent members of English society, both male and female. 

  If we compared it with our contemporary time we can relate with all this things. 

Women also have their own rights to speak whatever they want to.They can educate themselves and discusses important matters with each other. 

 

So, This is how we can compare the condition of women, during neo classical with our contemporary time.

Question 2 : Write in brief about your major / minor writer / poet of this age. 

 

Ans : As we all know that during the age of neo classical, some writers moddled their writing on classical, especially greek and roman literature. There was appropriateness in plot, meter, characterization and language in this age. 

As  compared to poetry, the prose of neo classical age developed more. The poetry of the period developed the qualities of prose such as clearness, lucidity & beauty of expressions. 

• Major writers of neo classical age:

There were many major writers of this age. They were : 

1.Jonathan Swift

2.Joseph Addison

3.Richard Steele

4.Daniel Defoe

5.oliver goldsmith

6.Alexander pope

If I want to talk about my favorite writer of this neo classical age - Jonathan Swift.

Jonathan Swift :- He was born on 30th November 1667 in Dublin - the kingdom of Ireland. His father was a native of Goodrich, Herefordshine. 

Swift is always remembered for works such as " A Tale of a tub ( 1704), An argument against abolishing Christianity (1712), Gulliver's Travels ( 1726) and " A Modest proposal ( 1729).

Gulliver's Travels:- 

  Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's travels - a large portion of which Swift wrote at woodbrook house, was published in 1726. It is regarded at his masterpiece. 

   It is a great and sophisticated satire of human nature based on Swift's experience of his time. Gulliver's travels is an anatomy of human nature. 

 

     Most people know that Jonathan Swift was a satirist, yet all of his works Gulliver's travels is the one most often taken at face value. Because it's full of entertaining fantasy, it's easy to miss everything else. Swift was writing about. 

Like many other classics, Gulliver's travels has earned its place  being equally entertaining to children as well as adults. 

Question 3 : Tom janes / Moll Flanders as a picaresque novels. 

Ans : To know the answer of this particular question, it is very essential to know the details of the term - picaresque. 

The term picaresque has been derived from a Spanish word - picaro. Means - A rouge or knave or a villian etc. Thus, we can say that picaresque novel is an episodic depiction of the adventures and the misadventures of picaro. Mostly, he wanted on the highways. He moves from one place to the other. 

Picaresque novel, an early form of novel usually a - 

• First person narrative, 

• Relating the adventure, 

• Of a rogue or low born, 

• From one place to another, 

• His / her efforts to survive. 

Tom Jones as a picaresque Novel: 

   Henry Fielding's ''Tom Jones'' has benn considered a picaresque novel, it reflects the major characteristics of the picaresque form. 

Tom Jones - protagonist of this novel is an illegitimate child. ( means - A child born out side the lawful wedlock). He is turned out of home by his patron. 

This novel depicts tom's adventure in the country side. 

 In short, we can say that the novel has a lots of elements of picaresque novel, but it is not a regular picaresque novel. 

• Moll Flanders as a picaresque novel:

 " Moll Flanders is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1722. It's an eighteenth century novel. 

    

   It is about the adventures of Moll - a poor young woman from London who become a criminal by necessity to support her illegimate child. 

This novel follows the pattern of the picaresque novel. The picaresque novel is sometimes describes as a social novel. Because it deals with the real world. The picaresque novel is often called as "Feminist novel."

    Moll Flanders is one of the best example of that. 

  Thank you.. 

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